Table 1:
Causes of Hypercalcemia
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
    • Sporadic
    • Familial
  • Hypercalcemia of malignancy
    • Osteolytic hypercalcemia
    • Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy
    • Ectopic production of calcitrol (by lymphoma)
  • Hypercalcemia of granulomatous disease
  • Chronic renal failure with aplastic bone disease
  • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Acute renal failure
  • Familial hypercalcemic hypocalciuria
  • Lithium-associated hypercalcemia
  • Vitamin D intoxication
  • Other causes
    • Increased calcium intake
    • Pheochromocytoma
    • Congenital lactase deficiency
    • Hyperthyroidism
    • Vitamin A intoxication
    • Thiazides
    • Milk-alkali syndrome
    • Immobilization
    • Theophylline

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