Viral infections and the kidney: HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C

1) CHOOSE ONE. The classic presentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy is:

  1. Heavy proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine, and large echogenic kidneys in a white patient
  2. Minimal proteinuria, Fanconi syndrome, and elevated serum creatinine in a black patient
  3. Heavy proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine, and large echogenic kidneys in a black patient
  4. Heavy proteinuria, normal serum creatinine, and normal renal ultrasound findings in a white patient
  5. Minimal proteinuria, Fanconi syndrome, and normal serum creatinine in a black patient