Table 3:
Classification of Carcinoid Tumors According to Site of Primary Tumor
Site
Biochemistry
Clinical Picture
Foregut
bronchi, stomach, first part of duodenum
5-Hydroxytryptohan, adrenocorticotropin, growth hormone, gastrin, growth hormone releasing hormone Protracted, purplish or violaceous flush, manifestation of other ectopic hormone secretion
Midgut
second part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, ascending colon
Serotonin, kinins, neuropeptides, prostaglandins Pink-red flush
Hindgut
transverse, descending colon and rectum
None Only local symptoms
Adapted from reference 9.
Copyright 2004 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

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