Table 2 Interactions between Herbs and Cardiovascular Agents

Table 2. Interactions between Herbs and Cardiovascular Agents

Medication	Natural Medicine
Antiarrhymthics	Aloe Latex (possible loss of intestinal potassium leading to a decrease in serum potassium)
Antihypertensives	Devil's Claw, European Mistletoe, Fish Oils, Ginger, Goldenseal, Hawthorne, Licorice, Stinging Nettle, Yohimbe
Calcium Channel Blockers	Dong Quai (synergistic effects), Ginger (increase calcium uptake by heart muscle), Grapefruit juice, St. John's Wort
Carvedilol (Coreg ^®)	Grapefruit juice
Cardiac Glycosides	Alder Buckthorn (loss of serum potassium), Aloe Latex (possible loss of intestinal potassium leading to a decrease in serum potassium), Cascara (loss of serum potassium), Ephedra (dysrhythmias), European Buckthorn (loss of serum potassium), Licorice (potentiate actions)
Coronary Vasodilators	Hawthorn (additive effects)
Digoxin (Lanoxin ^®)	Aloe (possible loss of intestinal potassium leading to a decrease in serum potassium), Digitalis, Ephedra, Guar Gum, Hawthorn (increased cardiac toxicity, Licorice (loss of serum potassium), Pectin, Psyllium (decreased absorption), Siberian Ginseng (increased digoxin levels), St. John's Wort
HGM-CoA Reductase Inhibitors	Grapefruit juice
Potassium-depleting Diuretics	Licorice (additive effects)
Thiazide Diuretics	Ginko leaf extract